WHAT IS ACTIVATED CARBON?
Activated carbon (also called activated charcoal, activated coal or active carbon) is an extremely useful adsorbent. Because of the high area, pore structure (micro, meso and macro), as well as a higher level surface reactivity, activated carbon enables you to purify, dechlorinate, deodorize and decolorize both liquid and vapor applications. Moreover, activated carbons are economical adsorbents for most industries such as water purification, food grade products, cosmetology, automotive applications, industrial gas purification, petroleum and yellow metal recovery mainly for gold. The camp materials for activated carbons are coconut shell, coal or wood.
Use of ACTIVATED CARBON
Several types of activated carbon are suited to various specialized applications.
Granulated activated carbon
Pelletized activated carbon
Powdered activated carbon
Impregnated activated carbon
Catalytic activated carbon
Each grade and size of activated carbon is application specific. Choosing the correct activated carbon product and mesh size is dependent upon the application and contaminants you plan to get rid of.
Typical applications are:
Elimination of volatile organic compounds including Benzene, TCE, and PCE.
Hydrogen Sulfide (HS) and removing waste gases
Impregnated activated carbon used as a bacteria inhibitor in mineral water filters
Eliminating taste and odor causing compounds like MIB and geosmin
Recovery of gold
Eliminating chlorine and chloramine
Designing a proper activated carbon filtering with plenty contact time, pressure drop, and vessel dimension is important. Also, activated carbon’s physical and chemical characteristics play a crucial role in removing contaminants effectively. Therefore, material exams are essential and ASTM test methods including butane activity, surface area, density, and water content (moisture) can be carried out for the greatest suitable material to your application.
Varieties of ACTIVATED CARBON
Coconut shell-based activated carbon
The very large internal surface areas seen as an microporosity in addition to high hardness and low dust make these coconut shell carbons particularly attractive for water and demanding air applications and also point-of-use water filters and respirators
Extremely high area seen as a a large proportion of micropores
High hardness with low dust generation
Excellent purity, with many products exhibiting only 3-5% ash content.
Renewable and green raw material.
Coal-based activated carbon
It produces different performance characteristics in industrial applications typically focused on with coal or coconut products.
Wood based activated carbon has a high surface area seen as both mesopores and micropores and it has excellent decolorizing properties owing to its signature porosimetry
Catalytic based activated carbon
Catalytic carbon is often a form of activated carbon employed to remove chloramines and hydrogen sulfide from drinking water.
It’s got all the adsorptive characteristics of conventional activated carbons, as well as the capacity to promote chemical reactions.
Catalytic carbon is just not impregnated with caustic chemicals
Because catalytic carbons haven’t any impregnates, you won’t have to worry about reduced organic odor capacity or perhaps the higher bed fire potential with the impregnated carbons.
Catalytic carbon is made by altering the surface structure of activated carbon. It’s modified by gas processing at high temperatures to switch the electronic structure and build the greatest level of catalytic activity on carbon for reducing chloramine and H2S in water. This added catalytic functionality is significantly more than that found in traditional activated carbons. Catalytic carbon is an economical means to fix treat H2S levels of up to 20 to 30 ppm. Catalytic carbon converts adsorbed H2S into sulfuric acid and sulfurous acid that happen to be water soluble, so carbon systems may be regenerated with water washing to bring back H2S convenience of more uncommon physical change-outs.
Relatively low density
Renewable method to obtain raw material
Impregnated Activated Carbon
Surface impregnation chemically modifies activated carbon through a fine distribution of chemicals and metal particles about the internal surfaces of their pores. This greatly increases the carbon’s adsorptive capacity via a synergism relating to the chemicals and also the carbon. And supplies a cost-effective method to remove impurities from gas streams which would otherwise not be possible.
Water treatment
Because of its antimicrobial/antiseptic properties, silver-impregnated carbon is an excellent adsorbent for purification in earth-bound domestic as well as other water systems.
Gas purification
Impregnated activated carbon is employed to take care of flue gases in coal-fired generation plants and other polluting of the environment control applications. Carbon can be specifically impregnated for removal of acid gases, ammonia and amines, aldehydes, radio-active iodine, mercury and inorganic gases like arsine and phosphine. Carbon impregnated with metal-oxide targets inorganic gases including HCN, H2S, phosphine and arsine.
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