Introduction
Olympic Weightlifting is a sport by which athletes compete for your total weight of 2 lifts: the snatch and the clean & jerk. Working out methods found in Weightlifting are also employed by Strength & Conditioning coaches as a way of strength training for a massive amount other sports. One of the primary reasons for exploiting various strength training modalities such is for power development. There are lots of variations on the theme of power training. Some training modalities include plyometrics (Wilson, Elliot & Wood 1990), assisted and resisted training (Faccioni 1993a; 1993b) and speed and acceleration drills (Cinkovich 1992). A popular method accustomed to increase athletic power is Olympic Weightlifting (ie power cleans, push presses, snatches, jump jerks and their variations) conducted from the training (Garhammer, 1993). It is traditionally been described as effective way of manufacturing general explosive ability (Takano 1992; Stone 1993; Garhammer & Gregor 1992). However, there are many important considerations that demand being addressed when implementing Olympic lifting exercises in to the Strength & Conditioning program of your athlete, a few of these include movement competency, training age, sport and coaching time with athlete. The intention of this article by Elite Performance Institute (EPI) is to provide a biomechanical and physiological discussion as to why weightlifting training is necessary to improve athletic performance and the way they must be performed within a training curriculum. For more information, please visit www.epicertification.com
Power Defined
Power has been looked as the best blend of speed and strength to produce movement (Chu 1996). Specifically, power represents draught beer the athlete to produce high amounts of work through a given distance. The harder power an athlete possesses the larger the degree of work performed (Wilson 1992). Power is a blend of strength and speed:
POWER = FORCE (strength) X VELOCITY (speed of motion)
There are lots of physiological and neural adaptations which comprise the force component (Moritani 1992). Physiological adaptations to strength incorporate a boost in muscle mass through hypertrophy, ligament density and bone integrity (Tesch 1992a). Neural adaptations (Schmidtbleicher 1992) that may be produced are: (1) increased recruitment of motor units; (2) increased firing rate of motor neurones; (3) synchronised firing of motor neurones; (4) increase in intra-muscular coordination; and (5) increase in inter-muscular coordination.
Speed of motion is composed of various interrelated factors (Ackland & Bloomfield 1995). They’re; (1) muscle fibre type; (2) skill; (3) muscle insertion points; (4) lever length; (5) muscular posture; and (6) elastic energy utilisation of the series elastic component.
Olympic Weightling exercises facilitate growth and development of the guts (Strength-Speed and Speed-Strength) from the force-velocity (FV) curve (see above). The FV curve acts a guide to Strength & Conditioning Courses UK regarding the kind of strength developed from each exercise, session or phase of coaching from the program. As a result, the force & Conditioning coach can effectively plan which kind of power they wish to develop and which training modality (powerlifting, Olympic liftining, plyometrics, etc) is most beneficial utilised to elicit these adaptations.
Conclusion
Concern still exists regarding the ef?cacy of including Olympic weightlifting exercises from the strength training programs of athletes in sports apart from weightlifting. These concerns generally fall into 3 broad categories: 1) Perceived time forced to educate yourself on the movements due to complexity from the lifts. 2) A lack of knowledge of the possible bene?ts that may be based on performing Olympic lifting exercises correctly. 3) Concern over the potential for injury due to practicing these weightlifting movements.
It is evident there are a great number of biomechanical important things about practicing these lifts with limited disadvantages. The biggest risk has been from the perceived danger of practicing these lifts. Based on the data presented by Brian Hammill from the British Weightlifting Association (BWLA), it can be stated with con?dence the risk of harm is really as low or under most sports as long as there’s quali?ed supervision provided by certi?ed Strength and Conditioning coach who are been trained in coaching the weightlifting movements.
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